Surgery, Traumatology and Orthopaedics

A pilonidal sinus is a sinus track which commonly contains hair. It occurs under the skin between the buttocks at a short distance above the anus. Most cases occur in young male adults. The most commonly used therapy is surgery including incisions, marsupialization, primary midline closure and skin flaps. We present two cases treated with different surgical techniques.

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The case report describes the hospitalization of a 63-year-old patient admitted to the Department of heart surgery for mitral valve stenosis with diagnosed atrial fibrillation. The patient underwent mitral valve replacement and MAZE procedure. At the postoperative period, paroxysm of atrial fibrillation was successfully detected with a successful version. On the tenth postoperative day, the patient was placed in outpatient care.

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The case study describes the hospitalization of women with aortic valve stenosis and secondary regurgitation of the tricuspid valve. The patient underwent aortic valve replacement by bioprosthesis and repair surgery of the tricuspid valve. The postoperative course was complicated by pneumohorax on the right side. Drainage was performed. The patient was placed in outpatient care on the eighth postoperative day.

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Kyphoscoliosis is a well-recognized cause of respiratory failure. Kyphoscoliosis is a chronic disease, occurring in 2-3% of the general population, which leads to a distorted spinal curvature and chest wall deformity. As a consequence, respiratory function is impaired due to reduced chest wall compliance and restrictive lung function pattern arises. The development of noninvasive ventilation (NIV) has made it an accepted standard modality of care at the present time for patients with chronic respiratory failure caused by kyphoscoliosis. The presented case report describes a 49-year-old female with idiopathic kyphoscoliosis who developed chronic hypercapnic respiratory failure with the need of noninvasive ventilatory support.

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The case report describes the hospitalization of a 50-year-old man who underwent surgery for a constrictive pericarditis at a younger age. Current CT and ultrasonographic findings confirmed the recurrence of this disease. Partial pericardectomy was performed with the release of the left ventricular diaphragm wall in particular. The postoperative period was complicated by ventricular fibrillation with high speed response of chambers. After successful cardioversion, the patient was released to outpatient care on the seventh postoperative day.

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The case report describes the hospitalization of a 58 year old male admitted to our department for documented ischemic heart disease with affection of three coronary arteries. The patient underwent a cardiac surgery with the formation of one bypass with arterial graft and one bypass with venous graft. In the postoperative period, fibrillation of atrial fibrillation with successful cardioversion was noted. The patient was admitted to outpatient care on the seventh postoperative day.

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The case report describes the hospitalization of a 26 year old male with M. Barlow. The mitral valvuloplasty was performed. However, the peroperative ultrasonographic finding documented prolapse of the anterior cusp of the mitral valve into the outflow tract of left ventricle. The surgery was supplemented with a suture of the A2-PA segments of mitral valve. The subsequent finding was satisfactory. No more serious postoperative complications were noted. The patient was admitted to outpatient care on the eighth postoperative day.

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The case report describes the hospitalization of a patient with an ascending aortic aneurysm and a bicuspidal aortic valve. Valvular surgery with an annular annuloplasty ring implant was performed. At the same time, replacement of the ascending aorta was performed. There were no more serious complications in the postoperative period and the patient was released to outpatient care on the eighth postoperative day.

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Case report presents patient with thoracic empyema, who was admitted in hospital after failure of outpatient antibiotic treatment. Patient suffered from fever, thoracic pain, dyspnea and dry cough. Chest X-ray revealed homogenous shadow in right basal and middle lung zone which was confirmed by CT. According to CT scan we expected presence of empyema. Patient was treated with combination of intravenous antibiotics and pleural puncture was performed. Analysis of sample showed results which met the criteria for empyema and patient was immediately sent to department of thoracic surgery for drainage.

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Lectures are devoted to students of the third year of study - Dental medicine. The lectures include the topics : Introduction to Surgery-propedeutic study; History development of surgery; Basic principles of clinical examination; Priciples of antisepsis and asepsis; Desinfection and sterilisation in surgical ward and in all health care facilities; Basis methods of anasthesia; Types of anaesthesia (anaesthesia, premedication, general anaesthesia, endotracheal anaesthesia); Principles of cardiopulmonary resuscitation; Operative wound healing; Type of wounds; Primary and secondary wound healing; Operative wound complications; Infections in surgery, causes , clinical signs, diagnosis and treatment.