Symptóm olupovania pier nepredstavuje samostatnú nozologickú jednotku. Z tohto symptómu sa však môže na perách samostatná nozologická jednotka vyvinúť. Symptóm olupovania pier môže byť súčasťou iného stavu na perách alebo súčasťou celkových ochorení. Zvyčajne ide o chronický proces, ktorý môže pretrvávať dlhú dobu. Klinicky postihuje izolovane hornú alebo dolnú peru. Zriedkavo postihuje súčasne obidve pery.

The lecture describes mild cognitive impairment and specific types of dementia, with focus on Alzheimer´s dementia, Lewy body dementia, dementia in patients with Parkinson disease, frontotemporal dementia and vascular dementia. Students can find here informations regarding organic (including symptomatic) mental disorders, especially delirium, organic hallucinosis and depression induced by somatic illness. In the last part of lecture are informations abou stages of mental retardation; the very last part of lecture is dedicatde to specific neurodevelopmental disorders.

The lecture provides information on the basic aspects of urological examination. It discusses the history of urological diseases, examinations and symptomatology, which are important in the examination of a urological patient. It deals with urinary disorders, changes in urine quality, urological causes of hematuria, endoscopic examination methods, USG and CT with a presentation of some typical findings.

Urology is the branch of medicine that focuses on surgical and medical diseases of the male and female urinary-tract system and the male reproductive organs. Organs under the domain of urology include the kidneys, adrenal glands, ureters, urinary bladder, urethra, and the male reproductive organs (testes, epididymis, vas deferens, seminal vesicles, prostate, and penis).

We are going to talk about acute psychotic states, acute intoxications, withdrawal syndromes, acute mania, depression with suicidal thoughts, qualitative disorders of conscioussness, acute anxiety, affective reactions in personality disorders, acute adverse side effects caused by medication: serotonin syndrome, neuroleptic malignant sy, acute dystonia, akathizia.