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Impaction or impacted tooth is a tooth that didn’t erupt into its position in the right time of his physiological eruption, is covered by bone and requires treatment. After precisely locating the position of impacted tooth, the appropriate orthodontic appliance is adapted, the space for impacted tooth is created. With surgical exposure of the tooth, the crown is uncovered and eruption chain is adapted. The pull is activated by elastic thread or other auxiliaries such as Kilroy spring or Monkey hook, that help to move the tooth into required position.

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Lectures are intended for students of general medicine as supplementary education material of Surgical Propedeutics. The lectures include: Introduction to Surgery – propedeutic study, History development of surgery, Patient history and symptoms of surgical diseases and its value for establishment of proper diagnosis, Basic principles of clinical examination and many other related topics.

Virtual scenarios for surgical semiology are developed and improved within projects’ activities of the authors and their primary aim is to foster development of critical thinking in students of medical and healthcare disciplines. Individual patient simulations contribute to the case-based learning approach that is learning style close to the needs of practice. Furthermore, we expect their better preparation for bedside teaching.

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A two stage treatment of distoocclusion with proclination of upper incisors (AII/1) is very efficient in correctly indicated cases and the timing of the treatment is essential. During the growth spurt the removable functional appliance is placed in the mouth (in this case bionator) to provide the bite shift to AI class and to raise the deep bite by correctly trimmed functional appliance. The second phase of the treatment with fixed appliance is reduced and only the anomalies of the position of individual teeth are corrected.

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Nootropics are a group of medicinal substances that can improve human thinking, learning, and memory, especially in cases where these functions are impaired. Anxiolytics are medications used to prevent or treat anxiety symptoms or disorders. Hypnotics are used to induce, extend, or improve the quality of sleep and reduce wakefulness during sleep. Psychostimulants are drugs that can significantly influence cognitive and affective functioning and behaviors.

Increased overjet may be caused by excessive proclination of upper incisors with prominent maxilla or on the other hand by microgenia or mandibular retrognathism. The first malocclusion is in adult patients usually corrected by extraction of first premolars and successive retraction of frontal teeth. The second malocclusion in adult patients is correctly treated with orthognathic surgery.
When treating with retraction of frontal teeth, it is essential to assess the amount of anchorage needed. If the movement of distal teeth mesially is restricted, the absolute anchorage secured by TADs is needed. TADs are placed into the bone in the right position. Closed coil springs are placed inbetween the frontal segment and TADs on each side, thus retracting frontal segment without any movement of posterior teeth.

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