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Renal colic
Renal colic is a severe, acute pain syndrome most commonly caused by obstruction of the urinary tract by urolithiasis. The pain typically originates in the flank and may radiate to the lower abdomen, groin, or genital region. Renal colic results from increased intraluminal pressure and ureteral smooth muscle spasm proximal to the obstruction. Nausea, vomiting, and haematuria are frequently associated symptoms. Non-contrast computed tomography is considered the imaging modality of choice for the diagnosis of renal colic. Ultrasonography may be used as an initial imaging tool, particularly in pregnant patients or those requiring radiation avoidance. Laboratory evaluation includes urinalysis to detect haematuria and blood tests to assess renal function and infection. Differential diagnosis includes other causes of acute abdominal or flank pain. Initial management focuses on pain control, hydration, and exclusion of complications such as infection or renal impairment. Definitive treatment depends on stone size, location, composition, and patient-related factors.
Congenital anomalies of the urogenital system
.. secondary urolithiasis, functional impairment (renal failure, hypertension,.. ..keywords: renal agenesis, dystopia, ectopia, malrotation, kidney.. ..keywords: agenesis, dystopia, ectopia, malrotation, kidney shape..
Internal medicine 5 - lectures for students of General Medicine
.. Differential diagnosis of proteinuria.Acute renal failure. Dialysis. Chronic renal failure. Kidney..
Injuries of urinary tract and male reproductive system
.. urethra, all of which may be affected by trauma. Renal injuries are the most common type of urinary.. .. urethra, all of which may be affected by trauma. Renal injuries are the most common type of urinary.. ..keywords: renal trauma, kidney rupture, bladder perforation,.. ..keywords: renal trauma, kidney rupture, bladder perforation,..
Symptoms, signs and investigation of urogenital system disorders
..keywords: symptoms, hematuria, USG, CT, renal..
Urolithiasis
.. metabolic abnormalities, and dietary influences. Renal colic is the typical clinical presentation of.. .. and aggregation of crystalline concretions on renal papillas (Randall´s plaques). These.. ..keywords: renal colic, stone, urolithiasis, kidney stone, upper.. ..keywords: renal colic, stone, urolithiasis, kidney stone, upper..
Infections of the urogenital system
..keywords: pyelonephritis, renal abscess, chronic pyelonephritis, prostatitis,..
Laboratory, imaging and endoscopic examinations in urology
.. tests provide essential information about renal function, electrolyte balance, and systemic.. .. high grade bladder cancer).
Biochemistry: Renal function is measured better by serum creatinine..
Haematuria
.. RBC, proteinuria, cellular casts, and/or renal insufficiency warrant also nephrological..
Injury of the urogenital system
..keywords: rupture, genital trauma, trauma in urology, AAST renal injury grading..
Infections of urinary tract and male reproductive system
.. urinary tract infections affect the kidneys and renal pelvis and are most commonly referred to as.. .. urinary tract infections affect the kidneys and renal pelvis and are most commonly referred to as..