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Renal colic
Renal colic is a severe, acute pain syndrome most commonly caused by obstruction of the urinary tract by urolithiasis. The pain typically originates in the flank and may radiate to the lower abdomen, groin, or genital region. Renal colic results from increased intraluminal pressure and ureteral smooth muscle spasm proximal to the obstruction. Nausea, vomiting, and haematuria are frequently associated symptoms. Non-contrast computed tomography is considered the imaging modality of choice for the diagnosis of renal colic. Ultrasonography may be used as an initial imaging tool, particularly in pregnant patients or those requiring radiation avoidance. Laboratory evaluation includes urinalysis to detect haematuria and blood tests to assess renal function and infection. Differential diagnosis includes other causes of acute abdominal or flank pain. Initial management focuses on pain control, hydration, and exclusion of complications such as infection or renal impairment. Definitive treatment depends on stone size, location, composition, and patient-related factors.
Injury of the urogenital system
Trauma is defined as a physical injury or a wound to living tissue caused by an extrinsic agent. Trauma is the sixth leading cause of death worldwide, accounting for 10% of all mortalities. It accounts for approximately 5 million deaths each year worldwide and causes disability to millions more. About half of all deaths due to trauma are in people aged 15–45 years and in this age it is the leading cause of death.
Injuries of urinary tract and male reproductive system
.. American Association for the Surgery of Trauma (AAST) grading system. Most low-grade renal injuries.. .. urethra, all of which may be affected by trauma. Renal injuries are the most common type of urinary.. .. Hematuria is a key clinical sign suggesting injury to the urinary tract. The severity of renal.. .. Association for the Surgery of Trauma (AAST) grading system. Most low-grade renal injuries can be.. .. urethra, all of which may be affected by trauma. Renal injuries are the most common type of urinary.. .. Hematuria is a key clinical sign suggesting injury to the urinary tract. Renal trauma is common and.. .. enhanced abdominal CT scans. Kidney injury scale includes 5 grades (Fig.3, Tab.12). Fig.3. Kidney.. ..keywords: renal trauma, kidney rupture, bladder perforation,.. ..keywords: renal trauma, kidney rupture, bladder perforation,..
Congenital anomalies of the urogenital system
.. secondary urolithiasis, functional impairment (renal failure, hypertension,.. ..keywords: renal agenesis, dystopia, ectopia, malrotation, kidney..
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..keywords: neuron, cerebrovascular diseases, brain, tumors, injury, epilepsy, headache, migraine, aura, infections,.. .. member
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NL-05 Brain injury
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Internal medicine 5 - lectures for students of General Medicine
.. Differential diagnosis of proteinuria.Acute renal failure. Dialysis. Chronic renal failure. Kidney..
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.. (mass) suicide, self-mutilation (self-harm, self-injury), parasuicide. Presentation describes risk..
Symptoms, signs and investigation of urogenital system disorders
..keywords: symptoms, hematuria, USG, CT, renal..
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.. under shock, unconsciousness and with a spine injury;..
Neurosurgery
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Craniocerebral injury
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